Learn about Knee Arthroscopy, including the procedure, recovery timeline, and rehabilitation process. Discover how Palms Physiotherapy can assist with pre-habilitation and post-operative rehabilitation for knee arthroscopy surgery.

Knee Arthroscopy: Procedure, Recovery & Rehabilitation

What is Knee Arthroscopy?

Knee arthroscopy is a minimally invasive surgical procedure used to diagnose and treat issues inside the knee joint. A small camera (arthroscope) and specialised instruments are inserted through tiny incisions, allowing the surgeon to view and address joint problems without the need for large cuts. This procedure is often used to treat cartilage damage, torn ligaments, or to remove inflamed tissue or loose bone fragments.

Conditions Treated with Knee Arthroscopy

• Meniscus Tears: A tear in the cartilage that cushions the knee joint.

• Knee Ligament Injuries: Such as tears in the ACL or MCL.

• Patellar Problems: Such as misalignment or damage to the patella (kneecap).

• Synovitis: Inflammation of the synovial lining of the knee joint.

• Knee Joint Degeneration: Wear and tear of cartilage or cartilage loss.

• Loose Fragments or Debris: Removal of bone or cartilage fragments that can cause pain or mechanical blockages.

The Procedure

1. Preoperative Preparation:

   • Before the procedure, your doctor may perform a physical examination, X-rays, or MRI to assess the condition of your knee joint.

   • Your surgeon may recommend preoperative physical therapy to strengthen the muscles around your knee, which can speed up recovery.

   • You may need to stop taking certain medications, including blood thinners, before surgery.

2. During the Procedure:

   • Knee arthroscopy is usually done under general anesthesia or spinal anesthesia.

   • The surgeon makes small incisions around the knee and inserts the arthroscope to view the inside of the joint.

   • Any necessary procedures, such as repairing or removing damaged tissue, are performed using specialized instruments.

   • The surgery typically takes 30 minutes to 1 hour, depending on the complexity of the issue.

3. Postoperative Care:

   • You will usually stay in the hospital for a few hours to ensure proper recovery.

   • Ice and elevation will help reduce swelling, and a knee brace may be used to protect the joint in the initial stages.

   • Pain management typically includes anti-inflammatory medications, ice therapy, and prescribed pain relievers.

Healing and Recovery Time

• Initial Recovery:

  • After the procedure, patients often experience some swelling, bruising, and discomfort. Most people can begin walking with crutches within 1-2 days.

  • Ice, rest, and elevation are essential to manage swelling during the early days of recovery.

• Early Recovery (Weeks 1-4):

  • Patients are typically encouraged to perform gentle range-of-motion exercises to prevent stiffness and promote healing.

  • Most individuals can return to light daily activities after 1-2 weeks but should avoid intense physical activities.

• Full Recovery:

  • Full recovery from knee arthroscopy typically takes 4-6 weeks, with significant improvement continuing for up to 3 months.

  • Physical therapy is often needed during this period to restore strength, flexibility, and function.

• Return to Work:

  • People with desk jobs can usually return to work after 1-2 weeks.

  • Those with more physically demanding jobs may need 4-6 weeks before returning to full duties.

Rehabilitation After Knee Arthroscopy

Rehabilitation after knee arthroscopy is crucial for ensuring the best possible recovery outcomes.

1. Post-Operative Rehabilitation:

   • Early rehabilitation focuses on controlling pain, swelling, and preventing stiffness in the knee joint. Ice and elevation are crucial in this phase.

   • The physical therapist will guide you through gentle range-of-motion exercises to ensure the joint remains mobile.

2. Early Stage Rehabilitation (Weeks 1-4):

   • Focus is placed on regaining full range of motion, reducing swelling, and improving strength in the quadriceps and hamstrings.

   • Walking with crutches or a knee brace may be necessary in the early stages of recovery.

3. Intermediate Rehabilitation (Weeks 4-12):

   • Strengthening exercises and functional training are introduced to improve the knee’s stability and prepare it for more dynamic movements.

   • Patients may start to perform low-impact exercises like stationary biking or swimming.

4. Long-Term Rehabilitation (3-6 months):

   • A full-strength rehabilitation program is important to ensure the knee can withstand regular daily activities and any sport or fitness-related activities.

   • Balance, proprioception, and agility exercises will also help in regaining knee function for higher-impact activities.

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

1. How long does recovery take after knee arthroscopy?

• Recovery from knee arthroscopy generally takes 4-6 weeks for most patients, although it may take up to 3 monthsfor full recovery.

2. Will I need physical therapy after knee arthroscopy?

• Yes, physical therapy is essential for regaining strength, range of motion, and function after knee arthroscopy.

3. Can I walk immediately after knee arthroscopy?

• Most patients can walk with crutches within 1-2 days after surgery. Full weight-bearing may take longer depending on the procedure performed.

4. When can I return to sports or intense exercise?

• Most people can return to light exercise after 4-6 weeks, but return to high-impact sports may take 2-3 monthsdepending on the severity of the injury and the success of rehabilitation.

How Palms Physiotherapy & Allied Health Can Help

At Palms Physiotherapy & Allied Health, we provide expert pre-habilitation and post-surgical rehabilitation for knee arthroscopy patients. Our services include:

1. Pre-Habilitation:

   • Strengthening the muscles around the knee joint before surgery to improve recovery time and reduce the risk of complications.

2. Post-Operative Rehabilitation:

   • A tailored rehabilitation program focused on restoring mobility, strength, and function to the knee, with the goal of getting you back to regular activities as quickly and safely as possible.

Reputable Australian Resources

1. Australian Physiotherapy Association (APA)

   • For more information on rehabilitation after knee arthroscopy.

   • https://australian.physio/

2. Better Health Channel (Victoria)

   • Comprehensive resources on knee arthroscopy and post-surgery care.

   • https://www.betterhealth.vic.gov.au/

3. HealthDirect Australia

   • Provides general health information about knee arthroscopy and related conditions.

   • https://www.healthdirect.gov.au/

4. Royal Australasian College of Surgeons (RACS)

   • Trusted surgical information on knee arthroscopy procedures.

   • https://www.surgeons.org/

For personalised care and rehabilitation after Knee Arthroscopy, contact Palms Physiotherapy & Allied Health to schedule an appointment with our experienced physiotherapists.