Shoulder arthroscopy is a minimally invasive surgical procedure used to treat various shoulder issues, including rotator cuff tears, shoulder impingement, and labral tears. It involves small incisions and the use of a camera (arthroscope) to view and treat the joint. This procedure is often recommended when other non-surgical treatments have not been effective.

In this comprehensive guide, we will walk you through the shoulder arthroscopy procedure, the expected recovery timeline, post-surgical rehabilitation, and how Palms Physiotherapy & Allied Health can support you before and after the surgery.

Shoulder Arthroscopy: Surgery, Recovery, and Rehabilitation

What is Shoulder Arthroscopy?

Shoulder arthroscopy is commonly used for diagnosing and treating shoulder injuries or conditions that affect the rotator cuff, labrum, bursa, and cartilage. It can treat a variety of conditions, such as:

• Rotator cuff tears.

• Labral tears (including SLAP tears).

• Shoulder impingement syndrome.

• Removal of bone spurs or debris in the joint.

• Treatment of frozen shoulder (adhesive capsulitis).

The Shoulder Arthroscopy Surgery Procedure

1. Pre-Surgical Preparation

• Diagnostic Evaluation: An MRI or ultrasound may be performed to assess the nature of the injury and guide the treatment plan.

• Pre-Operative Physiotherapy (Pre-Hab): Strengthening and mobility exercises are recommended to prepare the shoulder for surgery and improve recovery outcomes.

2. Surgical Procedure

• Arthroscopic Technique: The surgeon makes small incisions (usually 2–4) around the shoulder joint. A camera (arthroscope) is inserted to allow the surgeon to view the inside of the joint on a monitor. Specialized instruments are used to perform the necessary repairs or treatments.

• Duration: The procedure usually lasts 30 minutes to 2 hours, depending on the complexity of the issue.

3. Post-Surgical Care

• Pain Management: You may experience some discomfort after surgery, which can be managed with pain relief medications and ice packs to reduce swelling.

Recovery Timeline After Shoulder Arthroscopy

Immediate Post-Operative Phase (Days 1–7)

• Hospital Stay: Shoulder arthroscopy is usually an outpatient procedure, so you will go home on the same day.

• Sling Use: You will be instructed to wear a sling to support the arm for the first few weeks.

• Pain Management: Expect some pain and swelling, which can be managed with prescribed painkillers and ice.

Short-Term Recovery (Weeks 1–6)

• Immobilization: You will be advised to keep your shoulder immobilized in a sling for approximately 1–4 weeks, depending on the extent of the surgery.

• Follow-Up Appointment: A follow-up appointment will be scheduled within the first week to assess healing and discuss the next steps.

• Physical Therapy: Gentle range of motion exercises may be started, with a focus on preventing stiffness.

Long-Term Recovery (Months 1–6)

• Rehabilitation: Around 6 weeks, you will begin more active rehabilitation with physiotherapy to regain shoulder strength and mobility.

• Full Recovery: Complete recovery may take 3–6 months, depending on the complexity of the issue and the rehabilitation process.

Rehabilitation After Shoulder Arthroscopy

Phase 1: Early Rehabilitation (Weeks 1–6)

• Focus: Protect the joint, reduce pain, and begin light movement.

• Exercises:

  • Pendulum exercises (gentle swinging motions).

  • Passive range of motion exercises (e.g., assisted shoulder movements).

  • Ice and anti-inflammatory treatments to manage swelling and discomfort.

Phase 2: Active Rehabilitation (Weeks 6–12)

• Focus: Gradual increase in movement and strengthening.

• Exercises:

  • Active assisted range of motion (using the unaffected arm to assist).

  • Gentle strengthening exercises using resistance bands.

  • Isometric exercises to engage the muscles without straining the joint.

Phase 3: Strengthening and Functional Training (Months 3–6)

• Focus: Regain full strength and return to daily activities.

• Exercises:

  • Progressive strengthening exercises with weights or resistance bands.

  • Functional training to mimic daily tasks, such as lifting and reaching.

  • Sport-specific rehabilitation for athletes or heavy manual laborers.

How Palms Physiotherapy & Allied Health Can Help

Pre-Habilitation Services

• Strengthening Exercises: We provide pre-operative physiotherapy to build strength in the shoulder and surrounding muscles to help you recover more efficiently after surgery.

• Joint Mobility: Our pre-habilitation program helps maintain joint mobility and prepares the shoulder for the surgical procedure.

• Education: We offer comprehensive education on post-operative care, including pain management, sling usage, and early rehabilitation exercises.

Post-Operative Rehabilitation

• Individualized Rehab Program: Post-surgery, we design a personalized rehabilitation plan that progresses from gentle movements to more advanced strengthening exercises.

• Pain and Swelling Management: We use techniques such as manual therapy, ultrasound, and ice therapy to reduce pain and inflammation.

• Progressive Strengthening: As you heal, we provide exercises to restore strength and functional mobility, ensuring that you can return to daily activities, sports, or work.

Frequently Asked Questions

1. How long will I need to wear a sling after shoulder arthroscopy?

The sling is typically worn for 1–4 weeks, depending on the severity of the surgery and your surgeon’s recommendations. After this period, you will gradually begin using the shoulder.

2. What is the typical recovery time for shoulder arthroscopy?

Full recovery from shoulder arthroscopy typically takes 3–6 months. You may be able to resume normal daily activities within 6–8 weeks, but more strenuous activities, including sports, may take longer.

3. How soon can I return to work after shoulder arthroscopy?

If your job is sedentary, you may return to work in 1–2 weeks. If you have a more physically demanding job, it may take 6–12 weeks before you can return to full duties.

4. Will I regain full mobility and strength?

With appropriate rehabilitation, most people regain full mobility and strength, though this can vary depending on the severity of the condition and your adherence to the rehab program.

Reputable Australian Resources

• Health Direct – Shoulder Surgery: https://www.healthdirect.gov.au/shoulder-surgery

• Better Health Channel – Shoulder Injuries: https://www.betterhealth.vic.gov.au/shoulder-injuries

• Australian Physiotherapy Association: https://australian.physio